ИНН и другие юридические и финансовые сокращения на английском
Перевод на английский аббревиатур, касающихся юридической и финансовой деятельности, требует особой точности. В сфере профессиональной терминологии не допускается свободной трактовки понятий. Возьмем для иллюстрации такие термины, как ИНН на английском языке, ИП или ОАО. Не все они будут соответствовать прямому дословному переводу терминов с русского языка. Более того, для их обозначения нужно применять разные способы передачи понятий на английском языке.
Особенности передачи терминов
При работе с текстами юридической и финансовой тематики стилистика исходного материала должна соответствовать переводному. Профессиональные обороты не подменяются синонимическими лексическими единицами и словами нейтрального стиля.
Существуют аналоги многих понятий, которые необходимо знать и пользоваться ими при работе с документами. Однако есть и термины, которые свойственны исключительно российской действительности, поэтому важно знать, как будет верно звучать их перевод на английский.
Способы перевода
Финансовые аббревиатуры с переводом
Сокращенный вариант в переводе
Полное значение в переводе
Банковский Идентификационный Код
Bank Identification Code
Идентификационный Номер Налогоплательщика
Individual Taxpayer Number
Страховой Номер Индивидуального Лицевого Счёта
Insurance Number of Individual Ledger Account
Основной Государственный Регистрационный Номер Индивидуального Предпринимателя
Primary State Registration Number of the Sole Proprietor
Также рассмотрим названия основных классификаторов на двух языках.
Общероссийский Классификатор Предприятий и Организаций
All-Russian Classifier of Enterprises and Organizations
Общероссийский Классификатор Отраслей Народного Хозяйства
All-Russian Classifier of Economy Branches
Общероссийский Классификатор Видов Экономической Деятельности
All-Russian Classifier of Types of Economic Activity
Частные случаи перевода терминов
Передача форм собственности предприятий
Рекомендуется не переводить названия форм собственности предприятий, а транслитерировать их (например, ООО, АО, ПАО). Дело в том, что часто применяемый в этом случае аналоговый перевод Limited Liability Company не совсем верно отражает особенности форм собственности, типичные российским предприятиями. Американское LLC качественно отличается от русских ООО, АО, ПАО.
Обозначение лиц, самозанятых предпринимательской деятельностью
Тем не менее, для сохранения корреляции с русскоязычным термином часто используется прямой перевод Individual Entrepreneur. Такой вариант четко демонстрирует, что речь идет о предпринимателе, осуществляющем деятельность в России, а не в других странах.
ИНН, ОГРН, КПП можно транслитерировать?
Подобные термины часто передаются транслитерацией, сокращенно. Но поскольку они передают реалии чисто российской действительности, сокращения не всегда будет достаточно, чтобы иностранцам была понятна суть явления. Поэтому правильнее приводить полный перевод термина, а затем в скобках латиницей указывать сокращение.
Некоторые сокращения экономических терминов
Банковские данные
Перевод адреса
Для адекватной передачи адреса на английском, во избежание двусмысленности или неправильных трактовок, не нужно искать эквиваленты словам «улица», «переулок» и т.д. В этом случае правильно придерживаться рекомендаций международных почтовых служб. В соответствии с ними, мы передаем адрес латиницей «как есть». По международному стандарту сначала пишется дом и улица (или переулок, проспект, т.п.), номер квартиры (или помещение офиса), индекс, название страны.
Адрес в старом формате
230025, Россия, Ярославль, переулок Зеленый, 22, пом.5
Перевод в соответствии с правилами почтовых служб
22 pereulok Zeliony, pom.5, Yaroslavl, 230025, Russia
Другие общепринятые сокращения в деловой переписке
Приведенные ниже сокращения типичны не для официальных документов, а для сопровождающей их деловой переписки. Их необходимо знать для свободного понимания сопроводительной документации.
При самостоятельном переводе специфической документации и терминологии будьте особенно внимательны и для большей надежности пользуйтесь специализированными словарями. Если вы не уверены, как правильно написать, к примеру, КПП (и перевод на английский), используйте официальные документы и проверенные образцы переводов.
Автор статьи: Екатерина Семенова, методолог Lim English
Chamber of Commerce
the Spanish Chamber of Commerce in Britain — Испанская торговая палата в Британии
Полезное
Смотреть что такое «Chamber of Commerce» в других словарях:
chamber of commerce — ˌchamber of ˈcommerce noun chambers of commerce PLURALFORM [countable] COMMERCE ORGANIZATIONS an official group of business people in a town or area, working together to improve trade, collect and pass on business information etc: • the… … Financial and business terms
Chamber of commerce — Commerce Com merce, n. Note: (Formerly accented on the second syllable.) [F. commerce, L. commercium; com + merx, mercis, merchandise. See
chamber of commerce — plural chambers of commerce n a group of business people in a particular town or area, working together to improve trade … Dictionary of contemporary English
Chamber of Commerce — [ tʃeɪmbə ɔv kɔməːs], Handelskammer; C. of C. of the United States, größte Spitzenorganisation der Arbeitgeberverbände und Unternehmer in den USA; gegründet 1912, Sitz: New York … Universal-Lexikon
chamber of commerce — noun count an organization of people who own stores and businesses in a particular town or city. Their aim is to improve conditions for business in their area … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Chamber of Commerce — ► NOUN ▪ a local association to promote the interests of the business community … English terms dictionary
chamber of commerce — n. an association established to further the business interests of its community … English World dictionary
Chamber of commerce — Former Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York A chamber of commerce (also referred to in some circles as a board of trade) is a form of business network, e.g., a local organization of businesses whose goal is to further the interests of… … Wikipedia
Chamber of Commerce — A chamber of commerce was founded on 24 December 1802. After Belgian independence in 1830, it was linked officially with the government. Government affiliation was dropped in 1875 and the Brussels Chamber of Commerce, now independent, was… … Historical Dictionary of Brussels
Chamber Of Commerce — An association of businessmen and businesswomen designed to promote and protect the interests of its members. There is a national Chamber of Commerce, as well as numerous state and local chambers. Among the benefits members receive are deals and… … Investment dictionary
Commercial register and tax administration
Have your papers in order before entering the Netherlands
You must have a valid residence permit
If you originate from outside the EU/EEA or Switzerland, you need a residence permit or startup visa to stay and start a business in the Netherlands.
Non-resident businesses
Register for a citizen service number
You must have a citizen service number (Burgerservicenummer, BSN) if you want to register your business in the Netherlands. To get one, you must register with the Personal Records Database (Basisregistratie Personen, BRP) in your city of residence, or, if you are staying for less than 4 months, with the Non-resident Records Database (Register Niet-Ingezetenen BSN, RNIBSN). There are 19 registration addresses. As a non-resident, you need to have a permanent address abroad as well as a temporary one in the Netherlands, and be able to show proof of both when you come to register your business.
Check if you need to register with the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce KVK
Your company needs a Dutch address
To register your company in the Dutch Commercial Register, you need to have a Dutch address. This can be your own address, if you have one, or a so-called zakenadres, for instance your accountant’s address. Ask for a signed statement that they allow you to use their address as business address. If you plan on establishing your company in the Netherlands, find business premises before you register at the KVK.
There is an exception to the rule that you need a Dutch address: if you live abroad in the border region, and you can prove you perform business activities in the Netherlands on a structural basis, for instance as a market vendor, you can register with your foreign address.
Choose a trade name for your Dutch business
When you register at KVK, your company will be listed in the Dutch Commercial Register or Handelsregister. Every Dutch company is listed there and everyone has access to check the register. Are you looking for a company, for instance to see if it is trustworthy? Then check the Commercial Register. Use the search function. This page is in Dutch. Fill in the name of the business you’re looking for in the frame underneath ‘Zoeken’, and press enter. All entries of companies bearing the name you entered will appear.
Choose a Dutch legal structure
As a starting entrepreneur, you must choose a legal structure, like sole proprietorship, a commercial partnership (vof) or a private limited company (bv). Which legal form is most suitable for you, depends on your situation. For instance, how do you want to appoint liability (who is responsible for debts), and which fiscal benefits are available? Use the tool Choosing a legal structure on Business.gov.nl to find out which legal structure suits your situation best.
The following legal forms are always required to register in the Commercial Register:
N.B.: Freelancer and zzp’er are not legal structures. If you freelance in the Netherlands or if you are a self-employed professional without personnel, you have the option to register as a sole proprietor or as a private limited company (besloten vennootschap, bv).
Check whether your business must register UBOs
Depending on the legal form of your company, you also need to register ultimate beneficial owners (UBOs). A UBO is the owner or the person who is effectively in control of an organisation. Every EU country must keep a UBO register. In the Netherlands you register your UBOs with KVK (in Dutch). See for more information the article UBO register: questions and answers.
You may not need to register separately with the Tax and Customs Administration
If you register as a sole proprietor, KVK will pass on your details to the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (Belastingdienst), who will issue you with a VAT identification number (BTW-id), to use for correspondence and invoices to your customers, and a VAT number (BTW nummer), to use for your dealings with the Tax Administration. You will receive these numbers from the Tax and Customs Administration by post.
You will need to register separately with the Tax and Customs Administration if you have chosen a private limited company (bv) or public limited company (nv) as your legal structure. In that case, your registration at both KVK and the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration will be handled by a civil-law notary, and you will be issued with an RSIN number (identification number for legal entities and associations).
N.B.: the Tax and Customs Administration uses different criteria from KVK to establish whether or not you are an entrepreneur for VAT or income tax purposes.
Fill out the form before your appointment
Do you want to start a private or public limited company? You will need to register via a civil-law notary, who will handle the details for you and who will draw up your articles of association. This involves a legal fee.
Make an appointment with KVK
You can make an online appointment for your registration, or you can call +31 88 5851585 (press 9 for the menu in English). You have to come to one of the KVK offices in person to register if your business structure is sole proprietor or a partnership.
Costs and KVK number
During the appointment you receive your Netherlands Chamber of Commerce registration and KVK number. Upon registration, you pay a non-recurring (one-time) registration fee. You have to pay this fee directly with debit or credit card. You cannot pay cash.
Do not forget your ID
When you come to register, you need a valid identification document, for instance a passport. Without one, the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce cannot complete your registration. You will have to return with your ID to make your registration final.
Bring your Dutch business premise lease contract
If your business address differs from your private address, you must bring your business premise lease or purchase contract.
Register in time
There are three possible moments to register with the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce KVK:
Last updated on 21 April 2021
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Registration at the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce KVK
This information is provided by
Netherlands Chamber of Commerce, KVK
How do you register a new company in the Netherlands? Every starting Dutch company must register in the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce Commercial Register (Handelsregister). Read what you need to do.
On this page
Have your papers in order for entering the Netherlands
You must have a valid residence permit
If you originate from outside the EU/EEA or Switzerland, you need a residence permit or startup visa to stay and start a business in the Netherlands.
Non-resident businesses
Register for a citizen service number
Check if you need to register with the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce KVK
Your company needs a Dutch address
Choose a trade name for your Dutch business
When you register at the KVK, your company will be listed in the Commercial Register or Handelsregister. Every Dutch company is listed there and everyone has access
to check the register. Are you looking for a company, for instance to see if it is trustworthy? Then check the Commercial Register. Go to the KVK website and use the search function
. This page is in Dutch. Fill in the name of the business you’re looking for in the frame underneath ‘Zoeken’, and press enter. All entries of companies bearing the name you entered will appear.
Choose a Dutch legal structure
As a starting entrepreneur, you must choose a legal structure, like sole proprietorship, a commercial partnership (vof) or a private limited company (bv). Which legal form is most suitable for you, depends on your situation. For instance, how do you want to appoint liability (who is responsible for debts), and which fiscal benefits are available? Use the tool Choosing a legal structure to find out which legal structure suits your situation best. You can also find some tips on how to choose on the page Legal business structures: an overview.
Tool for choosing a Dutch legal structure
If you are in two minds about which legal structure to choose, use our Tool for choosing a Dutch legal structure. It will guide you through some of the main considerations, such as liability, staff and taxes, and give you advice suited to your needs and wishes.
The following legal forms are always required to register in the Commercial Register:
N.B.: Freelancer and zzp’er are not legal structures. If you freelance in the Netherlands or if you are a self-employed professional without personnel, you have the option to register as a sole proprietor or as a private limited company (besloten vennootschap, bv).
Check whether your business must register UBOs
with the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce (KVK). See for more information the KVK article UBO register: questions and answers
You may not need to register separately with the Tax and Customs Administration
If you register as a sole proprietor, KVK will pass on your details to the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (Belastingdienst). You do not need to register separately.The Tax Administration will issue you with a VAT identification number (BTW-id), to use for correspondence and invoices to your customers, and a VAT number (BTW nummer), to use for your dealings with the Tax Administration. You will receive these numbers from the Tax and Customs Administration by post.
You will need to register separately with the Tax and Customs Administration if you have chosen a private limited company or public limited company (nv) as your legal structure. In that case, your registration at both the KVK and the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration will be handled by a civil-law notary, and you will be issued with an RSIN number (identification number for legal entities and associations).
N.B.: the Tax and Customs Administration uses different criteria to establish whether or not you are an entrepreneur for VAT or income tax purposes.
Fill out the online form
Make an appointment with KVK
, or you can call +31 88 5851585 (press 9 for the menu in English). You have to come to a KVK office
in person to register if your business structure is sole proprietor or a partnership.
Costs and KVK number
During the appointment you will receive your Chamber of Commerce registration and KVK number. Upon registration, you pay a non-recurring (one-time) registration fee
. You have to pay this fee directly with debit or credit card. You cannot pay cash.
Important! Do not forget your ID
When you come to register, you need a valid identification document, for instance a passport. Without one, the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce cannot complete your registration. You will have to return with your ID to make your registration final.
Business Registration (BR) Number VS Company Registration (CR) Number
Business registration and company registration in Hong Kong serve different purposes. They are regulated by different laws and different registration systems administered by separate government departments. Over years, I often come across the same questions from different business owners, “What is my tax number?” ”What is BR number?” “What is the CR number?” It seems that there are many confusions caused about these ID numbers. Today, I would like to clarify and explain further with you.
When registering a business in Hong Kong, HKSAR government provides an one-stop joint service by the Companies Registry and the Inland Revenue Department. Any person who applies for incorporation of a local company or registration of a non-Hong Kong company under the Companies Ordinance will be deemed to have made a simultaneous application for business registration. Upon approval of the application, the Companies Registry will issue the Certificate of Incorporation and the Business Registration Certificate in one go.
Hence, there are two important Company Numbers as identity numbers (ID) for Hong Kong Companies. They are the Company Registration number and Business Registration number. You don’t apply for them. You get them automatically at the time you register the company.
What is the Company Registration (CR) Number?
A company registration number is a unique combination of numbers. It is used to identify your company and verify the fact that it is an entity registered with Hong Kong Companies Registry. As mentioned, the company registration number is automatically assigned by Companies Registry once a company is formed. You cannot select or reserve a particular number. At the same time, you can never change it. Even if your company has changed the company name, nature of business or share structure, your company registration number will always remain the same. This is the special ID that uniquely defines the company.
This CR number can be found on the top left corner of the Certificate of Incorporation (see Figure A) and top right corner of Articles of Association.
Certificate of Incorporation
Figure A. Certificate of Incorporation
By logging in to Companies Registry Cyber Search Centre, you can find your company registration number by entering your full company name and clicking “search” (see Figure B). Your CR number will then be on the left-hand side of your company name.
Figure B. Entering full company name at Cyber Search Centre
When do I need to use the company registration number?
You will need to provide your company registration number on lots of occasions, such as:
What is the Business Registration (BR) Number?
Hong Kong does not issue TIN for taxpayers. The most relevant identification that equivalent to TIN is the Business Registration Certificate number. The BR number follows an unique 8-digit sequence (i.e. 70569713– ### – ## – #- #) which is issued and assigned by the Inland Revenue Department (IRD) at the date of incorporation. This number is shown at the middle of the Business Registration license and under the subheading “Certificate No” (see Figure C). Each business must secure one for business operation and IRD tax payment in Hong Kong.
Figure C. Business Registration Certificate
If you do not have your BR certificate on hand, there is also a quick way to check your BR number online. You can conduct a search at GovHK Business Registration Number Enquiry ( www.gov.hk/br ). There is no government charge for the search.
Check the 3 simple steps below.
Step 1: Select “Conduct Business Registration Number Enquiry”.
Step 2: Input the full company name and business address area code here (i.e. Hong Kong, Kowloon or New Territories) and press the “Submit” button.
Step 3. Ta-Da! You will then get your Business Registration number.
Result of BR number
The business registration license must be renewed every year, unless you have chosen to pay for 3 years instead of 1. The license must be displayed in a conspicuous area at the address where the business activity is carried on and should be produced for official inspection on demand. An authorized inspector who sends by Inland Revenue Department has power to enter your office or store to make examination and inquiry as may be necessary.
If you happen to lose your business license by accident, you can obtain a new duplicate valid business license from the Business Registration Office with payment of the prescribed fee. You can also make an online application via the website of GovHK : www.gov.hk/br (Online Application for Business Registration Documents)
Both company registration number and business registration number are the “brand” that marks your company as distinct, legally. You will need to quote these numbers when interacting with Companies Registry, Inland Revenue Department and setting up a company bank account in Hong Kong.
